Isiqephu sesipheni esethweni sifanekiso sokugcina elibuncinci lokulandelana nesintshontolo esizenzakalelayo ezinamandla sikusetyenziswa kulesi sicwangciso sezokungqalwa kwezinye izinto ezinamandla sikufuneka sincedisele kumhla wokuqala. Ukuba ufuna ukubona, isiqephu esethweni sifundekiwe ngokwesiphumo esikudliwayo njengezilondolozi, amasheya nokuphela ngaphandle kokuthi umthwalo! Ngokwesobizo, ngoku sithi ngonyaka leyo sizofunda ngokukholelwa kwezinqubo zeqephu, yini lokungcono ukuthi amaqephu angazange ahlulekile kanye nokuthi amaqephu amahle kunye namandla. Kunezinqubo zeqephu futhi zimiswe ngokuphambili kunesiko lesiqephu sesipheni esethweni sifundekiwe ngokuhlu, ngoko ke sithola ukuthi siyenza imisebenzi yokuhlola kwezinqubo zeqephu.
Yini Amaqephu?
Izixhobo zokuvula amafomu ziyindlela ezintsha ezizwendelekileyo ezizwendzelwa ngokubanzi kwiqembu lechemikali lwepholipethane fomu. Ukutshilo kwabo kukucaphula ukuba ifomu yikhona ngenqanawe kunye nekhahleli. Izixhobo zakuvula amafomu zifuneka lokuhlola ukukhathalika kwiseva esithandekileyo noma ukulala kumagama elibhobheneyo. Ziphatha ngokubheka izigqweme ezincinci efomu, uzikhathalelisa ukuba umthombo wakwamalili angavume ukusetyenziswa ukusita noma ukulala. Izixhobo zakuvula amafomu zingabheka ukuphatha kwephomu kunye nokuhlukeza kuzo zonke izityalo ezihlupheke kwindawo yokugqibela. Lento kufuneka ukuba ifomu iyiphinde phambi kokuthiwe kunye nokuba yikhona ngendlela eqinileyo kunye nokudibanisayo. Ngenxa yokuba akukho izixhobo zakuvula amafomu, ifomu layinge kuhlobene ngenqanawe kunye nokungaphelele kunye nokungayisebenzisa ukusupha emgaqeni ethathekayo.
Ngubani Kufuneka Ukhululekise Izixhobo Zakuvula Amafomu?
Kunezinyathiso ezibhizinisi kakhulu lokusebenzisa amaphethelo wephro omkhulu kwiproduksi yewhophu wepolifurethane. Ngemvume wokuqinisekiswa, amaphethelo amahle aphoqele ukuthi iphro ibe ngasemva ngenxa yokuba ayithathe amaphethelo. Ukuthi imphro idinga ngokubhebhu kunye nokuhlola kakhulu phakathi komphro osebenziswayo nothile olungaphandle kwezi zinto. Indlela elinye yokusebenzisa amaphethelo wephro yikhutshwa ukuthi ziziphindaphinda ukusuka umoya owamile okulandelwa njengomphro, okufuneka kuhluke izilimo ezilandelayo. Ukuphawula umoya okulandelwa konke kube ngokukhululeka ukuthi lona lehlaleleni engazenzekelayo kunye nokuthi alikwazi ukuphuma isithombo esiqhelekileyo. Indlela elikhoyo elinye yezigomo zeephro yikhutshwa ukuthi zihlelise uphro wokugcina ngenqanawe kunye nokuthi zihlale kakhulu. Ngokushesha, amaphethelo amahle azihlelise uphro wokugcina ngenqanawe kunye nokuthi zihlale kakhulu. Nangona, amaphethelo amahle azihlelise uphro wokugcina ngenqanawe kunye nokuthi zihlale kakhulu. Ngokushesha, amaphethelo amahle azihlelise uphro wokugcina ngenqanawe kunye nokuthi zihlale kakhulu.
Ngaphi Kukhetha Amaphethelo WePhro Ngokubizisisi
Kunezinye ezincedisi zokuhlanganisa okuyaziwa khona ngenqanawe yicala lolutsha olufaneleyo lokusebenza amacala we-polyurethane. Ukusebenza ngokubizokuqala, kufuneka uhlale ukuthi cala lolutsha lufanele lehlobene nezinye izicatulo ezidingekileyo kwiqembu lecala lokuhlola. Lokhu libonakale ngokushesha ngoba kukwenza ukuthi cala lolutsha liphume ngendawo yokuphucula ngokukhululekileyo kunye nokuthi kulihamba ngazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Uma cala lolutsha alibhedlise ngokubizokuqala nemibuzo emabini, ucala olungaphandle layo alingaqondelana nawe ngokubanzi. Ngaphezulu, hambisana nendlela ucala olungaphandle layo uzosetshenziswa. Kufuneka usebenzise cala lolutsha ngeendlweni yakho, isicelo sokuba ucala olungaphandle layo uzotyholwa ngendlela efanelekayo, ngokuvamile, cala lolutsha lokusetshenziswa kwebutsha lakho lingcono ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwebhombe noma ikhasi lecar yezindlela ezintathu. Ngokushesha, wonke umcalo lwahlukileyo! Ngaphambi kokuthi uhambisane ngephansi, angati phansi iphantsi, cala lolutsha lishayele ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa komsebenzi. Ukufumana ukusetyenziswa kwicala lolutsha kufuneka kube ngesikhatsi sasenziwe.
Amagcinyiwe kubantu Bethekuqinisekisa
Ngoko ke, futhi yeyiphi amagcinyiwe ukuba uhlale ngokukhanya ngefoame openers kwiqhatho lophuhliso lwe-polyurethane foam nokuhlelwa kwesayithi. Ukuphendula okuyingxenye yokugcina nguqukethe kanye nezinye izinto ezikhemikali zezilungileyo. Lolu hlobo lokugcina kuzokulandela ukuba ifoam iyi-set ngokubizoku, eyenza ukuba kube nangaphambili kumoya ofanayo, esebenzisa ukuba kuhluke. Leli nyuka elincinci lokugcina kulandelayo kukho ukuba umdlule kakhulu ukusindiswa komphendulo kunye nokufakelwa kakhulu. Uma imibhalo eziyisayithi ezisetyenziswa apho inqwaba lefoam akukho kuhluke, lokhu kungabhekiselela ukuba kuhluke. Lokhu kungazixhasa ukuba kube noma ifoam engaqinisekisiyo. Ukuvavanyelwa kwifoam ngokwesikhatsi sengxenye yiqinisekiso kufuneka kube kuhluke. Ukuba ufuna ukuvavanya ifoam ngokwesikhatsi, lokhu kuzokulandela ukuba amasayithi abafundise ukuba babuyekeze amaxesha kwiqhatho lokusebenza ukuba isiphumo siphakeme. Ngoko ke, bakwazi ukuba bethuqe ifoam efanelekayo.
Imininingwane Emasha Kwiqhatho Lwifoam
Ngonyaka zakwelizwe zonke izigidi, Isocyanate (MDI) siyazi kakhulu amane nesixhumanise esintshangayo kwisebenzisa ifomu yesipolayurithane. Ngenxa yokugcinwa okukhulu kulula ngokuthi izicateleni ezasetshenziswa zifomu zihluke kakhulu kunye nokulandelayo ngaphandle komkhakha wesikhatsi sokugcina kodwa baye bangasemva lokulandelayo. Kodwa, lezi zicateleni ezintsha zifomu zidinga ukuba zizibuyiswe kahle ngaphezulu kwesikhumalo sokuqala sesiphumo sengxenye lwenze imisebenzi yezilondolozi ezincedwe ngokubanzi kwaye ezincedwe ngokupheleleyo. Umbungazwe wasekhompinyana (CAD) yintshintsho yesikhatsi esentla. Lento yenkqubo ingena umsebenzisi ukuqonda ukusebenza isilondolozi samafomu esiqinileyo kunye nokuthathu. Izilondolozi ezincedwe ngokucacileyo zizozibuyisela ukusebenza kwe fomu kunye nokudinga ukususa imali. Zonke ilizwi elisha kunye nezi zinto ezintsha ezisetshenziswa kuhlanganiswa nge fomu ukusuka kuhlanganiswa nge fomu olungabuyiselwayo kunye nokuziphatha.
Ngakho ke, i-foam openers zikhoyo kakhulu kusebenzisweni kwe-polyurethane foam. Zixhasa uqukuzelelo lwe-foam, zingenisa isityalo kunye nokuyimfanelo yokusebenza yonke into. Sizofumana ukusetyenziswa kokuba ngeemibhalo eyahlukileyo kunye neengxelo ezincedwayo efoam ngokuphambili kweendlela ezintathu ezihlukeleyo, zingaba amanqaku ahlukayo esebenza ngenxa yalokho, futhi uzoba uphinde usetyenziswa ukwazi lokuhlola malunga neezinto ezintsha zokusebenziswa kwe-foam emakhandeni. Bheka inkinga leyo ukuba umoya wokuqala wesikhashana sokubuya nokuthi i-foam opener yenziwe yintoni.
