Ifomula yesiponji esibuyela kancinane iyafana naleyo yesipontshi esiqhelekileyo.
Ukongeza kwizinto eziphambili ze-polyether zihluke kakhulu, ezinye izinto ezincinci zingasetyenziswa kunye.
Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuvelisa iimveliso eziphezulu, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezincinci kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokucophelela.
I. ukhetho lweeamines
Eyona amine yakudala kwizipontshi ezicothayo yi-s-y33-LV yenkampani eMelika.
Umthamo wayo ngokubanzi yi-0.3-0.8 phr ye-polyether iyonke.
Iqulunqwe yi-33% ye-triethylenediamine kunye ne-67% ye-dipropanediol (DPG).
Le mveliso iyanconywa kuba i-solvent eyisebenzisayo yi-dipropylene glycol.
Omnye unokubuza, ngaba isinyibilikisi sibaluleke kangaka?
Impendulo ithi ewe.
Xa sijonga ukukwazi ukunyibilikisa i-triethylenediamine, ii-alcohols ezininzi zinokusetyenziswa njengezinyibilikisi ezifana nepropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, 1.4-butanediol, njl. ixabiso lehayidroksili esezantsi.
Njengoko sonke sisazi, i-alcohols encinci ye-molecular weight ingasetyenziswa njenge-chain extenders okanye i-cross-linking agents, oku kuthetha ukuba ezi tywala ezincinci ze-molecular zingadla i-TDI, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni isalathisi se-TDI kwelinye icala kunye nokuvalwa kwesiponji kwelinye. isandla.
Ngaphambi kowama-2012, amazwe ambalwa kuphela emhlabeni anokuvelisa i-DPG ngobunyulu obungaphezulu kwe-99%. E-China, i-factory enye kuphela e-Anhui inokuvelisa i-DPG ngococeko olusondeleyo kwi-95%, kunye nokwahlukana kweepesenti ezininzi zeepesenti. I-DPG yasekhaya ijiyile kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa njengesinyibilikisi, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukwenziwa kwee-amine catalysts nge-DPG njengesinyibilikisi.
Ngoko ke, ii-amines ezibonelelwa kakhulu kwiimarike zasekhaya zilungiswa nge-ethylene glycol njenge-solvent.
Abanye abavelisi be-catalyst, ekufuneni inzuzo, banciphisa ngamabomu ukuxinwa kwe-triethylenediamine, ukuphosa ugwebu nge-amine enjalo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okwenza i-catalytic, kuyimfuneko ukunyusa inani le-catalyst, olu hlobo lwe-catalyst equlethe inani elikhulu leemolekyuli ezincinci. izinyibilikisi ziya kudla kakhulu i-TDI, ukuba isixa se-TDI asilungiswanga, isiponji siya kuba thambileyo kwaye sivale ukuthambekela kwepore ukwanda.
Ukongeza, ukucotha kwe-rebound tension kunye namandla okukrazula le amine ayilunganga.
Kukholelwa ukuba ngenkqubela phambili yobugcisa bobunjineli beekhemikhali zasekhaya, kuya kuphuma ngakumbi kwaye i-DPG ephezulu yococeko iya kuphuma, kwaye kuya kubakho i-s-y33-LV yasekhaya.
Ewe kunjalo, ezinye ii-amines zinokuthumela i-springback ecothayo, efana ne-9727, CS90, njl., kodwa kufuneka senze uvavanyo oluncinci olungqongqo ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, kwaye isiphumo sokukhulisa kufuneka siqwalaselwe kwimveliso.
Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa i-SMP ukuthumela ukubuyisela okucothayo.
Xa ugwebu kunzima ebusika, i-0.1-0.3 phr ye-A1 catalyst inokongezwa ukuphucula ukusabela kwegwebu.
2. Ukukhethwa kwetoti
Inkosi ethumele umqhaphu oqhelekileyo ithanda ukusebenzisa i-stannous octanoate (Tmur9) ukuthumela i-rebound ecothayo, kodwa umbhali ucebisa ukusebenzisa i-dibutyltin dilaurate (D22 Tmur12, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Kmur19 e-China).
I-octanoate ye-Stannous ifanelekile kwi-sponges ephakathi kunye nephantsi.
Ibonakaliswa ngokunamathela ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba lokuqala, kodwa ukungabi namandla.
Isetyenziselwa ukuthumela isiponji esinoxinano oluphezulu, ipropati emva kokuvuthwa ayilungile.
I-Tmur9 ilula ukwenza i-hydrolyze, i-springback ecothayo ngokwayo iqala ngokucotha (ukulawula ngokubanzi ixesha lokuqalisa malunga nemizuzwana eyi-160), ukudibana kwayo namanzi ixesha elide, kuya kubakho i-hydrolysis eyinxenye, echaphazela ukuvuthwa.
I-Dilaurate dibutyltin ayinayo i-hydrolyze, iqala, i-gel, ivuthwa kakuhle kwaye ineempawu ezintle emva kokuvuthwa.
Nje ukuba abanye oogxa bathi ukuxinana kwesipontshi akulunganga, umbhali ucebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe i-dilaurate dibutyltin, impendulo kukuba uxinzelelo luye lwaphucuka.
Ukuba i-TMur9 isetyenzisiwe, umthamo ngu-0.1-0.4 phr.
Ukuba i-dibutyltin dilaurate isetyenzisiwe, umthamo unokulawulwa phakathi kwe-0.03 kunye ne-0.05.
Ukuba umgca wendibano uyacotha ukuphinda ubuyele, idosi yayo ingancitshiswa ibe yi-0.001-0.01phr.
Kwimiyalelo yokuthumela ngaphandle ethintela ukusetyenziswa kwe-tin catalysts, umbhali ucebisa ukuba i-bismuth naphthenate kufuneka isetyenziswe endaweni ye-tin.
3. Ukukhethwa kweoli ye-silicone
Ioli ye-silicone ecothayo eqhelekileyo yi-B8002, kwaye umthamo wayo uphakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-2 phr.
Sebenzisa izipontshi ezinoxinano oluphantsi kunye nezipontshi ezinoxinano oluphantsi.
Ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi kweqamza lesandla, ukusetyenziswa kancinci kweenwele zomatshini.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ababoneleli be-oyile ye-silicone yasekhaya baye baphuhlisa ioyile eninzi ye-silicone ukuze iphinde ibuyele kancinci, kwaye nokusebenza kukwalungile.
Kukho nabo basebenzisa i-Lmur580 ukuthumela i-rebound ecothayo, ngeli xesha inani leoli ye-silicone kufuneka lincitshiswe, emva koko, umsebenzi we-Lmur580 uphezulu.
4. Ukukhethwa kweepore openers
Imbali, imeko yangoku, ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-pore openers kuchazwe ngokufutshane kumanqaku angaphambili, ngoko andiyi kuphinda ndiphinde apha.
5. ii-retardants zomlilo nazo zisetyenziselwa izipontshi ezicothayo, kuba azikho zininzi izintlu ezinjalo, ngoko asiyi kuxoxa ngazo apha.
6. ukusetyenziswa kwee-pigments ngokusisiseko kufana nomqhaphu oqhelekileyo, kodwa uphinde weqiwe.
Qaphela nje xa udibana nekotoni emnyama, kuba i-carbon black elungiselelwe nge-black paste i-hydrophobic, eya kuchaphazela ukuhambelana kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo kwifomula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-catalyst. Abaninzi osebenza nabo baye badibana nesiganeko sokuba ikotoni emnyama kulula ukuyiqhekeza, kwaye esi sizathu.
Ngoko ke, xa umnyama wekotoni, inani le-catalyst kufuneka lilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
